Different packing = different scan results (remember Zlob posts?)

Different packing = different scan results (remember Zlob posts?)

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Different packing = different scan results (remember Zlob posts?) Virus Guy 04-20-2006
Posted by Virus Guy on April 20, 2006, 11:38 pm
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The file in question was located here:

http://www.media-codec.com /v4 /mediacodec-v4.143.exe

It is still available at that location.

The file is 71,456 bytes, and is UPX packed. It has a digital
signature of "KAS NET" according to the file properties.

When unpacked with UPX: http://upx.sourceforge.net, the resulting file
is 83,232 bytes and has no digital signature attribute. Previous
scanning by Jotti had indicated that this file was packed with
PE_PATCH and UPACK.

In any case, I submitted both the original file (71kb) and the
UPX-unpacked version (83kb) to the now-working Virus Total website.

The following AV software found nothing in both files:

Avast, AVG, Cat, Clam, DrWeb, E-trust Inoculate, E-trust-vet, Ewido
F-prot, McAfee, Norman, Sophos, Symantec, TheHacker, UNA

The following detected something ONLY in the original (packed) file:

AntiVir: TR/Dldr.Zlob.HQ.1
Avira: TR/Dldr.Zlob.HQ.1
BitDefender: Trojan.Downloader.Zlob.HQ
Ikarus: Trojan.Favadd
Panda: Suspicious file

The following detected the same thing in BOTH files:

Fortinet: W32/Zlob.LJ!dldr
Kaspersky: Trojan-Downloader.Win32.Zlob.lj
NOD32v2: Win32/TrojanDownloader.Zlob.LD
VBA32: Trojan-Downloader.Win32.Zlob.lj

Note that there is no over-lap between the above 2 groups in the
name/identifier used, but there is considerable similarity within the
groups. For example AntiVir, Avira and BitDefender use the term
"Zlob.HQ", while Fortinet, Kaspersky, and VBA32 use "Zlob.LJ".

Conclusions:

1) Many hi-profile AV software is not detecting any threat in these
files. Either they are deficient, or the files are clean and
this is a false alarm.

2) The AV software that signaled a positive detection only in the
first (packed) file but not the unpacked file must not have
the ability to unpack PE_Patch and /or UPACK'd files, and the
only thing that can account for their positive detection of the
first file is that they are relying on MD5 (or equivalent) hash.

Posted by Nick FitzGerald on April 21, 2006, 1:33 am
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"Virus Guy" wrote:

> The file is 71,456 bytes, and is UPX packed. It has a digital
> signature of "KAS NET" according to the file properties.
>
> When unpacked with UPX: http://upx.sourceforge.net, the resulting file
> is 83,232 bytes and has no digital signature attribute. Previous
> scanning by Jotti had indicated that this file was packed with
> PE_PATCH and UPACK.

Hmmmm -- the file at that URL doesn't match that description. I get
69,776 and 81,552 bytes unpacked...

<<snip>>
> The following detected something ONLY in the original (packed) file:
>
> AntiVir: TR/Dldr.Zlob.HQ.1
> Avira: TR/Dldr.Zlob.HQ.1
> BitDefender: Trojan.Downloader.Zlob.HQ
> Ikarus: Trojan.Favadd
> Panda: Suspicious file

Probably because that (and possibly other packed forms) was the only one
they had received samples of...

> The following detected the same thing in BOTH files:
>
> Fortinet: W32/Zlob.LJ!dldr
> Kaspersky: Trojan-Downloader.Win32.Zlob.lj
> NOD32v2: Win32/TrojanDownloader.Zlob.LD
> VBA32: Trojan-Downloader.Win32.Zlob.lj

Because their engines do UPX and/or generic decompression (if they do UPX
they probably also do the same for other common/popular packers, but that
doesn't really matter here).

> Note that there is no over-lap between the above 2 groups in the
> name/identifier used, but there is considerable similarity within the
> groups. For example AntiVir, Avira and BitDefender use the term
> "Zlob.HQ", while Fortinet, Kaspersky, and VBA32 use "Zlob.LJ".

This is normal virus naming inconsistency -- nothing to take from it at
all apart from the fact that the AV developers can't agree on a way to
standardize malware names...

> Conclusions:
>
> 1) Many hi-profile AV software is not detecting any threat in these
> files. Either they are deficient, or the files are clean and
> this is a false alarm.

You missed at least one option -- your understanding of how popular AV
software works is deficient...

Known virus/malware scanning technology requires that the developer or
maintainer of such software gets and analyses samples of new viruses/
malware so as to add detection (and possibly cleanup) to their product.

You found a new-ish malware that not everyone has received a sample of
or has not yet had time to add detection of (or has, but has not yet
shipped its detection update, or Jotti and Virus Total have not picked
up that update yet).

This happens all the time. Many dozens to hundreds of times a day now,
in fact...

If that is deficient it is because the whole model is deficient, not
because any given product is. Most days I see multiple new malware files
that are missed by some or all of the scanners you say detected one or
both forms of this malware, and yet are detected by some of the scanners
you say detected neither form of this. By your rationale above, these
files mean we should also say that the scanners you suggest the above
data shows are not inadequate, are in fact, inadequate by your own
standard.

And, I'm sure I only need look back less than 24 hours to find an example
of (what was then) a new malware file that NOT ONE of the products you
listed detected at all (even in their most false-positive-prone extra,
ultra heuristics mode _AND_ in some cases even with pre-release, beta and
pre-beta (current lab build) DAT/DEF/etc files).

So they're all deficient if we are to apply your reasoning...

> 2) The AV software that signaled a positive detection only in the
> first (packed) file but not the unpacked file must not have
> the ability to unpack PE_Patch and /or UPACK'd files, and the
> only thing that can account for their positive detection of the
> first file is that they are relying on MD5 (or equivalent) hash.

Not for the full file...

Hashing-like approaches across partial file blocks for certian file
locations are used in most/all products for identifying (some) static
malware files, but no decent product uses full-file hashing for a plethora
of reasons I'll not bore you with.


--
Nick FitzGerald



Posted by Virus Guy on April 21, 2006, 9:26 am
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Nick FitzGerald wrote:

> Hmmmm -- the file at that URL doesn't match that description.
> I get 69,776 and 81,552 bytes unpacked...

Well isin't that interesting.

I just downloaded it (I assumed it was a static file) but I get this:

April 21 8:40 am:

Packed (as down-loaded): 70,672 bytes
Unpacked (with UPX): 82,448 bytes

On April 14 (10 am) I got 71,456 and 83,232 bytes

Virus Total is currently NOT RESPONDING at all, so I'm not able to run
the new versions to see what they contain.

The website www.media-codec.com seems designed to just deliver these
files - practically no content on the site about who or what they
(media-codec.com) is.

------------
Domain Name: MEDIA-CODEC.COM

Registrant:
Lemos Adamantios
(lemos@securitywarnings.net)
aktis 119, vouliagmeni
athens, GR

Creation Date: 08-Apr-2006
Expiration Date: 08-Apr-2007
------------

The domain was registered very recently.

The domain "securitywarnings.net" is suspect:

------------
Domain Name: SECURITYWARNINGS.NET

Registrant:
Mag Dicacik
(****@sexpicsporn.com)
P.O Box 3728 Praha
4749 CZ

Creation Date: 14-Nov-2005
Expiration Date: 14-Nov-2006
------------

Sexpicsporn.com?

The ip address for www.media-codec.com resolves to 85.255.116.252,
which seems to be located in the Ukraine.

I think it's a no-brainer that www.media-codec.com is designed
specifically to deliver the trojan Zlob.

Group 1: (detection only in original packed file)

> > AntiVir: TR/Dldr.Zlob.HQ.1
> > Avira: TR/Dldr.Zlob.HQ.1
> > BitDefender: Trojan.Downloader.Zlob.HQ
> > Ikarus: Trojan.Favadd
> > Panda: Suspicious file

Group 2: (detection in both packed and unpacked file)

> > Fortinet: W32/Zlob.LJ!dldr
> > Kaspersky: Trojan-Downloader.Win32.Zlob.lj
> > NOD32v2: Win32/TrojanDownloader.Zlob.LD
> > VBA32: Trojan-Downloader.Win32.Zlob.lj

> > Note that there is no over-lap between the above 2 groups in
> > the name/identifier used, but there is considerable similarity
> > within the groups. For example AntiVir, Avira and BitDefender
> > use the term "Zlob.HQ", while Fortinet, Kaspersky, and VBA32
> > use "Zlob.LJ".
>
> This is normal virus naming inconsistency -- nothing to take from
> it at all

I'm fully aware that different names are frequently given to the same
malware by the AV vendors.

In this case, we have basically 2 different names or variants: HQ and
LJ.

But what are the odds that the 2 names would be split along the lines
of the groupings listed above?

That would indicate some commonality or cooperation within:

Group 1: AntiVir, Avira, BitDefender

Group 2: Fortinet, Kaspersky, Nod32, VBA32

> > 1) Many hi-profile AV software is not detecting any threat
> > in these files. Either they are deficient, or the files
> > are clean and this is a false alarm.
>
> You missed at least one option -- your understanding of how
> popular AV software works is deficient...

Please provide some additional backup or clarity for that statement.

> Known virus/malware scanning technology requires that the developer
> or maintainer of such software gets and analyses samples of new
> viruses/ malware so as to add detection (and possibly cleanup) to
> their product.

Of that I am well aware, and made no claim to the contrary.

> You found a new-ish malware ...
>
> This happens all the time.

Naturally, every piece of malware is "new" at least once in it's
life. The fact that some AV software is detecting Zlob and others
aren't provides a strong basis to say that some AV software IS
deficient (in this case) in their ability to gather, analyze, and
include new malware in their detection inventory.

> If that is deficient it is because the whole model is deficient,
> not because any given product is.

Oh, I see now. I touched a nerve because your favorite AV software
was among the group that didn't detect the malware (or perhaps it
detected Zlob only in the packed file?).

> By your rationale above, these files mean we should also say that
> the scanners you suggest the above data shows are not inadequate,
> are in fact, inadequate by your own standard.

AV software is inadequate if it signals a positive detection in a
packed or compressed version of a malware sample, but signals a
negative detection when the file is unpacked.

For example, if someone downloads and installs the above zlob file,
and during the course of installation the trojan deletes it's own
compressed archive, then AV software that signals a positive detection
on the compressed archive will naturally NOT detect the presence of
the infection because the original archive is no longer present.
Most people would be pissed if that's how their AV software behaved.

> And, I'm sure I only need look back less than 24 hours ...

What bug got up your ass?

Face it. Some AV software is better than others, some are faster than
others at incorporating new detections, and some can signal a positive
detection no matter how many ways the file is packed or unpacked.

Posted by Art on April 21, 2006, 10:32 am
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>
>The file in question was located here:
>
>http://www.media-codec.com /v4 /mediacodec-v4.143.exe
>
>It is still available at that location.

All I can find at that site (from all four d/l links) is v4.107 and
it's clean according to KAV.

Art

http://home.epix.net/~artnpeg

Posted by Art on April 22, 2006, 1:30 pm
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>
>>
>>The file in question was located here:
>>
>>http://www.media-codec.com /v4 /mediacodec-v4.143.exe
>>
>>It is still available at that location.
>
>All I can find at that site (from all four d/l links) is v4.107 and
>it's clean according to KAV.

Hah! Today, the v.4.107.exe is flagged by KAV as
Trojan-Downloader.Win32.Zlob.ma

Art
http://home.epix.net/~artnpeg

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